Effect of Water Pollution on Human and Future Life and Its Remediation: A Brief Overview

Water is an essential resource for human survival. With the increase of water consumption, water quality is facing severe challenges. Industrialization, agricultural production, and urban life have resulted in the degradation and pollution of the environment, adversely affecting the water bodies (rivers and oceans) necessary for life, ultimately affecting human health and sustainable social developmen Water pollution is a worldwide emerging issue. It gets contaminated by various sources such as overcrowding, sewage, industrialization, urbanization etc. Globally, an estimated 80% of industrial and municipal wastewater is discharged into the environment without any prior treatment, with adverse effects on human health and ecosystems. This proportion is higher in the least developed countries, where sanitation and wastewater treatment facilities are severely lacking. Water pollution is generally caused by various human activities, and population density exacerbates the problem. As the population grows, so does consumption, resulting in a scarcity of potable water. Controlling and managing water pollution has become increasingly important in recent years in order to ensure that clean water is available for us and future generations. There are numerous methods for treating contaminated water, including coagulation, precipitation, filtration, ion exchange, photo catalysis, and others. Photo-catalysis is a type of advanced oxidation process that is used to remove organic materials from wastewater.