Integrated Greenhouse Microclimate Management: A Review

The normal development of plants and an increase in yield depend on the microclimate in a greenhouse being controlled. Key microclimate factors, like carbon dioxide, temperature, sunlight and relative humidity could be altered by a variety of control actions such as humidification and dehumidification, heating, natural or forced ventilation and concentration of carbon dioxide. Factors like effective natural ventilation in greenhouses, considering factors like temperature differences, wind velocity, and appropriate ventilator area, are crucial for regulating internal climate, reducing energy use, and ensuring healthy plant growth. However, these modifications result in higher energy and fuel consumption throughout the manufacturing process. Thus, appropriate management is obligatory to perform the intricate operations related to balancing energy, i.e., lowering the emanations and reducing the cost of production, even though severe climatic conditions could adversely affect the microclimate inside the greenhouse. This review document will provide concise information on the management of greenhouse microclimate, focusing on different factors that affect crop growth and how these factors can be managed.